Events
- Born
- 13 Nov 1312 — Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom1 source
- Christened
- 20 Nov 1312
- Died
- 21 Jun 1377 — Shene Palace, , Surrey, England, United Kingdom1 source
- Title
1st Earl of Chester, Comte de Ponthieu et Montreuil, Duc d'Aquitaine, King Edward III of England
Parents
Family group sheet →- FatherEdward, II25 Apr 1284 – 21 Sep 1327
- MotherIsabelle de France1292 – 22 Aug 1358
- ChildAdamAbt. 1310 – Aft. 1322
- ChildEdward, III13 Nov 1312 – 21 Jun 1377
- ChildJohn of Eltham Plantagenet15 Aug 1315 – 14 Sep 1336
- ChildEleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet8 Jun 1318 – 22 Apr 1355
- ChildJoanna of The Tower PlantagenetJul 1321 – 07 Sep 1362
Family
Family group sheet →Married: 24 Jan 1327 and 1328 — York, Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
- FatherEdward, III13 Nov 1312 – 21 Jun 1377
- MotherPhillipa De Hainaut24 Jun 1311 – 15 Aug 1369
- ChildEdward of Woodstock15 Jun 1330 – 08 Jun 1376
- ChildIsabella of England16 Jun 1332 – Bef 4 May 1379
- ChildJoan of EnglandFeb 1334 and 1335 – 2 Sep 1348
- ChildWilliam of HatfieldBef 16 Feb 1336 and 1337 – Bef 8 Jul 1337
- ChildLionel of Antwerp29 Nov 1338 – 17 Oct 1368
- ChildJohn de GauntMar 1340 – 3 Feb 1398 and 1399
- ChildEdmund of Langley5 Jun 1341 – 1 Aug 1402
- ChildBlanche de la Tour PlantagenetMar 1342 and 1343 – Mar 1342 and 1343
- ChildMary of England10 Oct 1344 – Bet. 1361 and 1362
- ChildMargaret of England20 Jul 1346 – Aft 1 Oct 1361
- ChildThomas of England1347 – Abt. 1348
- ChildWilliam of WindsorBef 24 Jun 1348 – 5 Sep 1348
- ChildThomas of Woodstock7 Jan 1354 and 1355 – 9 Sep 1397
Family
Family group sheet →- FatherEdward, III13 Nov 1312 – 21 Jun 1377
- MotherAlice PerrersAbt. 1348 – 1400
- ChildJoan
- ChildJane
- ChildNicholas Lytlingtond. 1386
- ChildSir John de SoutherayAbt. 1364 – Aft. 1383
Notes
- Edward III (1312-77), king of England (1327-77), who initiated the long, drawn-out struggle with France called the Hundred Years' War.Edward was born at Windsor on November 13, 1312, the elder son of King Edward II, of the house of Plantagenet . Involved by his mother, Isabella of France, in her intrigues against his father, he was proclaimed king after the latter was forced to abdicate in 1327. During Edward's minority, England was nominally ruled by a council of regency, but the act ual power was in the hands of Isabella and her paramour, Roger de Mortimer. In 1330, however, the young king staged a palace coup and took the power into his own hands. He had Mortimer hanged and confined his mother to her home.Edward began a se ries of wars almost directly after he had control of England. Taking advantage of civil war in Scotland in 1333, he invaded the country, defeated the Scots at Halidon Hill, England, and restored Edward de Baliol to the throne of Scotland. Baliol , however, was soon deposed, and later attempts by Edward to establish him permanently as king of Scotland were unsuccessful. In 1337 France came to the aid of Scotland. This action was the culminating point in a series of disagreements betwee n France and England, and Edward declared war on Philip VI of France. In 1340 the English fleet destroyed a larger French fleet off Sluis, the Netherlands. The action resulted in a truce that, although occasionally disturbed, lasted for six year s.War broke out again in 1346. Edward, accompanied by his eldest son, Edward the Black Prince, invaded Normandy and won a great victory over France in the Battle of Crécy. He captured Calais in 1347, and a truce was reestablished. Edward returne d to England, where he maintained one of the most magnificent courts in Europe. The war with France was renewed in 1355, and again the English armies were successful. The Peace of Calais, in 1360, gave England all of Aquitaine, and Edward in ret urn renounced his claim, first made in 1328, to the French throne.Edward continued to assert his will both domestically and abroad. In 1363 he concluded an agreement with his brother-in-law, David II of Scotland, uniting the two kingdoms in th e event of David's death without male issue. Three years later Edward repudiated the papacy's feudal supremacy over England, held in fief since 1213. He renewed his war with France, disavowing the Peace of Calais. This time, however, the Englis h armies were unsuccessful. After the truce of 1375, Edward retained few of his previously vast possessions in France.The king had, by this time, become senile. He was completely in the power of an avaricious mistress, Alice Perrers, who, alon g with his fourth son, John of Gaunt, dominated England. Perrers was banished by Parliament in 1376, and Edward himself died at Sheen (now Richmond) on June 21, 1377. He was succeeded by his grandson, Richard II. "Edward III," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.